| SQL programming / SQL basics | |
Identify SQL exceptions in your programs with SQLCA.SQLCODE.
Every database type has its own error numbers. Portable SQL code must take care of this when checking for SQL errors in programs.
The IBM® Informix® compatible error code is stored in the SQLCA.SQLCODE register. This is done to simplify migration to another database type. Existing code based on Informix error numbers does not need to be modified.
Database drivers map native SQL errors to Informix SQL errors, as listed in the following table:
| Informix SQL | Oracle DB | SQL Server | IBM DB2 | PostgreSQL | MySQL | Sybase ASE | SQLite | Netezza |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -201 | 900:902, 905:911, 914, 917, 920:931, 933:936, 938:940, 946, 950, 954, 957, 958, 962, 964, 966:971, 978:979, 982, 984, 985, 990, 992:996, 998:999 | 102, 170, 101, 1103, 3005, 3014 | -101, -104, -106, -108, -109, -127, -142, -143 | 03000, 42000, 42501, 42601 | 1064, 1121 | 102, 156 | N/A | 21 |
| -204 | N/A | 3016 | -103 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -206 | 903, 942 | 3701, 4004 | -204 | 42P01 | 1146, 1051 | 207, 208, 3701 | N/A | 29 |
| -217 | 904 | 4005 | -205, -206 | 42703 | 1054 | N/A | N/A | 31 |
| -236 | 913, 947 | 1200 | -117 | N/A | N/A | 213 | N/A | N/A |
| -244 | N/A | 1222 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 12205 | N/A | N/A |
| -251 | N/A | N/A | -125 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -253 | 972 | 2014 | -107 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -254 | 1008, 1475 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -255 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 25P01 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -257 | 1000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -263 | 54 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -268 | 1 | 2601, 2627 | -803 | 23505 | 1062 | 2601 | N/A | N/A |
| -280 | N/A | N/A | -102 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -282 | N/A | N/A | -105 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -294 | 937 | N/A | -119, -122 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -316 | N/A | N/A | -605 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -324 | 960 | N/A | -203 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -350 | 1408 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -360 | N/A | N/A | -118 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -371 | 1452 | N/A | -603, -673 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -382 | 1756 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -387 | 1017, 1045 | 715, 4002, 4003, 4008 | -1403, -1404 | N/A | 1045 | N/A | N/A | 24 |
| -388 | 1536 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -391 | 1400, 1407 | N/A | -407 | 22004, 23502 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -400 | 1002 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -517 | N/A | N/A | -602 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -530 | 2290 | N/A | -193 | 23514 | N/A | 548 | N/A | N/A |
| -551 | N/A | N/A | -613 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -674 | N/A | 2812 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 14216 | N/A | N/A |
| -681 | N/A | 2812 | -121 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -691 | 2291 | 547 | -530 | 23503 | 1452 | 546 | 19 | N/A |
| -743 | 955 | 6000, 6006, 6008 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2714 | N/A | N/A |
| -930 | 1033, 1034, 12154, 12203, 12224, 12500, 12560 | 11, 17, 708, 709, 711, 4014, 17142 | -1013 | 08000, 08001, 08004, 08006, 08007, 08000 | 1044 | 4002 | N/A | N/A |
| -942 | N/A | N/A | -903 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -1202 | N/A | N/A | -801 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -1218 | N/A | 3048, 3049, 3050 | -180, -181 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -1260 | 932 | N/A | -190 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -1279 | 1401 | N/A | -433, -99998 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| -1349 | 1722 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Sometimes the native error code of the database cannot be converted to an Informix error code. In such case, the SQLCA.SQLCODE register will be set to -6372. To properly identify an SQL error, the native SQL error code is also provided in the SQLCA.SQLERRD[2] register.
-- sqlerr.4gl module
PUBLIC CONSTANT SQLERRTYPE_FATAL = -1
PUBLIC CONSTANT SQLERRTYPE_LOCK = -2
PUBLIC CONSTANT SQLERRTYPE_CONN = -3
FUNCTION lastSqlErrorType()
CASE
WHEN SQLCA.SQLCODE == -201
OR SQLCA.SQLERRD[2] == ...
RETURN SQLERR_FATAL
WHEN SQLCA.SQLCODE == -263
OR SQLCA.SQLCODE == -244
OR SQLCA.SQLERRD[2] == ...
RETURN SQLERR_LOCK
...
END CASE
END FUNCTION
You can then easily use this function after every SQL statement in your programs:
IMPORT FGL sqlerr
MAIN
DATABASE stores
WHENEVER ERROR CONTINUE
UPDATE customer SET cust_address = NULL
WHEN cust_name IS NULL
IF lastSqlErrorType() == SQLERRTYPE_LOCK THEN
...
END IF
...
END MAIN